You can if it fits. Honda batteries are generally very small and you may not be able to find the right shape.
Will it start the Honda? Kinda important that the car get started.
The marine batteries are usally much more expensive (per CCA/AH)...
Your motorboat battery is (should) be a 'deep cycle battery' - otherwise saying, it can get very low on power and not harm the battery, unlike a car battery. When a regular car battery dies/runs too low, it damages the battery, shortening it's life.
So, back to your question - YES, you can! As long as it is a 12v battery and is the same amperage, or at least close in amps {cold cranking amps} or 'cca' then it will work. It may or not FIT, but that's another story.
If the amp capacity of the boat battery is as high as the OE in the car you can.
Can you use a motor boat battery for a car since, those are twice as cheap for a smaller car like honda civic, as far as I know the car gets all its energy when running from alternator.